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Natural Law Character of Oikeiosis

Natural Law Character of Oikeiosis

The Stoic principle that self-love and social affinity are not moral imperatives but biological-rational laws of nature operating within every living being.

The Stoics understood oikeiosis not as an ethical ought but as a descriptive law of nature. Just as a newborn instinctively avoids pain and reaches for nourishment, so too does belonging to oneself — and later to the community — constitute a naturally necessary process. This natural-law character means that the virtuous expansion of love does not run counter to nature but rather fulfills and rationalizes it.